The Major Empires Of West Africa From 1200-1500 - 1174 Words

1) What were the major empires of West Africa from 1200-1500? What were their major industries, modes of social organization? What were their standards of living and lifespans compared to Europe? The Mali empire was established in 1235. It was the largest and the richest empire in the African Middle Ages. During this time Malian emperors relied on a small central administration, which was primarily concerned with finances and justice. (Patterns of World History pg. 400) The empire financed itself through tributes and taxes, but their main source of income relied on trade. The Mali would often trade long distance through merchants and scholars. In Timbuktu, the Mali would produce or mine for salt, creating a Salt Trade Hub in Timbuktu. Timbuktu was also important because it was one of the most important scholarly cities in the world that held massive libraries. Mansa Musa the Malian ruler who annexed Timbuktu. He wanted to share his wealth with his people, so he founded a college, a library, and part of Sankore Mosque. Mansa Musa lived a very lavish and luxurious life and tried to share that life with his people. This actually put in the gold markets in relapse because he put too much gold into circulation, but it influenced Malians to become scholars and at a higher standard of living. The Great Zimbabwe was a kingdom that was established in 1250. This kingdom was a culmination of various southern African kingdoms. While most settlements within the kingdom were dedicated toShow MoreRelatedThe Earth and Its People: Chapter 13 Outline1629 Words   |  7 PagesTropical Africa and Asia (1200 – 1500) Ibn Battuta 1. Young Muslim scholar 2. Completed the pilgrimage to mecca 3. logged 75,000 miles of travel in 29 years 4. Powerful states and commercial systems were only made possible by local farmers, fishermen and pastoralists Tropical Lands and Peoples The Tropical Environment 1. Africa lies almost entirely within the tropics, as do southern Arabia, most of India and all of the Southeast Asian mainland and islands 2. In the lands aroundRead MoreAp World History Units 1-3 Study Guide Essay4374 Words   |  18 Pagesspread of the Bantu-speaking peoples over southern Africa can be best explained by their * Knowledge of agriculture 5. Characteristics of complex civilizations * Specialization of labor * Trade and cultural diffusion * Written languages * Complex political order and power 6. Evidence proves that the Mesopotamians * Traded extensively with peoples as far away as Anatolia, Egypt, India 7. Major effect of Neolithic Revolution * The establishmentRead MoreThe Philosophers And Theologians Of The Middle Ages1837 Words   |  8 PagesEuropean geography. Possessed with the knowledge of other countries and empires, but unable to actually travel there, these thinkers were tormented by their lack of information. 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Dont you mean the Pax  Mongolica? | * Trade was very international. * Silk roads linked Eurasia, and goods traded hands many times along the roads. | * There was still international trade. * The silk roads were still in use as major trade routes. | * New trade routes were made, such as the Indian Ocean routes, and old routes were expanded upon, like the silk roads. * Trade routes became more safe under the pax romana. | * Trade was still very global. * The Silk roadsRead MoreEarly Civilizations and the Dawn of the Medieval Age Essay3703 Words   |  15 Pagesonly covers a part of this period. The reason for this is that history is essentially based on written documents However the art of writing become known to man, only after 3000 B. C. 1.1 History : Meaning and Importance The word history is derived from the Greek noun historia meaning inquiry or research. Aristotle regarded it as a systematic account of a set of natural phenomena, whether or not chronological ordering was a factor in the account. The term history has now come to be appliedRead MoreThe Birth of Civilization18947 Words   |  76 Pages1 The Birth of Civilization Mohenjo-Daro Figure. Scholars believe this limestone statue from about 2500 B.C.E. depicts a king or a priest from Mohenjo-Daro in the Indus valley in present-day Pakistan. Does this figure seem to emphasize the features of a particular person or the attributes of a particular role? Hear the Audio for Chapter 1 at www.myhistorylab.com CRAIMC01_xxxii-031hr2.qxp 2/17/11 3:22 PM Page xxxii EARLY HUMANS AND THEIR CULTURE page 1 WHY IS â€Å"culture† considered a definingRead MoreAncient History Practice Test Essay2381 Words   |  10 Pagespart of the Egyptian empire. His son Aziru made contact with the Hittite king Suppiluliuma I, and eventually defected to the Hittites. The Amurru kingdom was destroyed by the Sea Peoples around 1200 B.C. 2. Napata - Napata was a city-state of ancient Nubia on the west bank of the Nile River, at the site of modern Karima, Northern Sudan. It was founded by Thutmose III in the 15th century BC after his conquest of Nubia. 3. Gaza (ancient) - The name Gaza is first known from military records ofRead MoreJudaism And The Jewish Prayer3766 Words   |  16 PagesDeuteronomy. †¢ Abraham- considered the first monotheist and father of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam David- A king of Israel who helped Israel achieve its greatest glory. After Saul and before Solomon. Saul- the first king of Israel who ruled from 1022-1000 B.C.E. Solomon- son of David who ruled after his father and maintained the position of Israel Philo of Alexandria- Hellenistic Jewish philosopher Martin Buber- Austrian Jewish philosopher and author of Thou and I Maimonides (Rabbi Moses benRead MoreArgumentative Essay on Telivision Is the Leading Cause of Violence in Todays Society9353 Words   |  38 PagesBrahminabad was reduced to ballast.[13] A few months later, further north, Johns brother William Bruntons section of the line ran near another ruined city, bricks from which had already been used by villagers in the nearby village of Harappa at the same site. These bricks now provided ballast along 93 miles (150 km) of the railroad track running from Karachi to Lahore.[13] Excavated ruins of Mohenjo-daro, with the Great Bath in the front. 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Benefits And Benefits Of Employee Benefits - 1195 Words

Employee benefits coordinator play a significant role in Human Resource Management. Employee Benefits coordinators are responsible for assisting with employee benefits, maintaining employee data base, managing all insurance billings and maintain employee files, sick pay, vacation and retirement. This study explores the importance of employee benefits to corporations, government agencies and non profit organizations. This paper also researches the effects on the management team and on individual employees’. Case Study 2 When it comes to becoming a Benefits Coordinator there aren t any formal education or certification qualifications. Many Benefits Coordinators learn their craft through on the job learning/training. Some employers require†¦show more content†¦Health insurance is one of the major benefits that encourages employees to stay with an organization even in difficult situations. With health insurance companies attract and retain qualified employees. According to Optima Health (â€Å"Starting in 2015, employers with 50 or more full-time equivalent employees are required to offer affordable, minimum-value group health insurance. If they don’t, they may be assessed government penalties.† n.d.). There are other helpful health insurance benefits such as deducting 100 percent of their employees health insurance cost as a business expense. If the organization is incorporated the owner’s insurance cost is also deductible. But if it’s a small business with less than 25 employees, they may be able to receive a tax credit if they’re with a small group insurance. If there’s 50 or more employees the business is eligible for a larger group health insurance which offers lower rates. Also with employee health insurance employees have a bigger chance of being able to pay medical expenses. In addition to valuable benefit retirement saving plans are essential part of your future financial security. All employees are encouraged to save for retirement. Tax advantages are also accessible to business owners that offer retirement plans. All pension plans are either qualified plans or non-qualified plans. (The Pros and Cons of Offering Employees Retirement Benefits. (n.d.). â€Å"Qualified plans meet the requirements of the

Financial Case Analysis Management

Question: Describe Capital structure and Investment Decision Answer: Capital structure and investment decision making are the two important aspects of financial management. The given scenario illustrates the current position of the company and discusses the perception of the president of the firm regarding the investment opportunity (Berk and DeMarzo, 2007). Various aspects are considered in order to decision and arguments presented by the President. The company has not been performing well in the recent years. Percentage of debt is significantly high in the capital structure of the firm. In this situation, the company has been considering a new project. It has been estimated that the cost of the project will be $ 400 and the value of the project is $ 500. Hence, the net present value of the project is $ 100 and it is profitable for the company. It has been found that the total earnings of the company will enhance by $ 60 each year. Now there are two options for financing the project: debt and equity. If debt is chosen, the percentage of debt will increase and it will lead to a drop in the bond rating of the firm. Therefore, it will not be a good option (Artikis, 2007). In case of equity financing, the company will require fund of $ 400 and price of each share is $ 2. Hence, the company need around 200 shares. Earlier, the company had 1000 shares and now the total number of shares will be 1200. It has been estimated that the new earning per share will be $ 0.55 and earlier it was $ 0.60. In this situation, the president of the company has decided to postpone the project. He has argued that it will cost too high for the business to opt for debt in order to finance the new project. It is true as it will lead to high cost of capital as well as decline the bond rating (Patel and D'Souza, 2007). Additionally, the president has rightly presented the second major reason for delaying the new project. It has been found that the earning of share will decline as the market value of the equity will be less than the book value. Hence, the investors will not be interested (Berk and DeMarzo, 2007). Additionally, assessing the current market conditions it has been observed that the equity market is depressed. It is a major cause behind the lower market value of the equity. It will be a rational decision to wait for the market to improve. The president of the firm has rightly argued that the project should be delayed until the market index improves. When the equity market will be improved, the market value of the equity will be greater than the book value. Hence, the earnings per share will not decline and it will contribute in attracting the investors (Ross, Westerfield and Jaffe, 2005). Hence, it can be stated that the president of the firm has given correct logics for delaying the profitable project. References Artikis, G. (2007).Capital structure. [Bradford, England]: Emerald. Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P. (2007).Corporate finance. Boston: Pearson Addison Wesley. Patel, P. and D'Souza, R. (2007).Uncovering knowledge structures of venture capital investment decision making. [Washington, D.C.]: SBA Office of Advocacy. Ross, S., Westerfield, R. and Jaffe, J. (2005).Corporate finance. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Integrate corporate sustainable assessment - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Integrate corporate sustainable assessment. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this task is to provide brief overview about the corporate sustainability accounting activities of the company Bunnings Warehouse. Corporate sustainability accounting refers to the practice of financial accounting which involves the disclosure of non-financial information about the activities of the company implemented in the environment. This type of activities of the company shows their social and cultural responsibilities against the environment. Further the Bunnings Warehouse is an international household hardware chain store of Australia which has its activities initiated in New Zealand, Ireland and United Kingdom as well. The company is owned by Wesfarmers retail chain store since 1994 (Bunnings 2018). Further the sustainability reporting of the company is discussed below: Products of Bunnings Warehouse Bunnings is leading retailer of household and outdoor furnishing products. Further there are numerous products served by the company in the external market. Many types of tools are provided by the company such as power tools, hand tools, tool accessories and in building and hardware decking, landscape, timber, roofing, fencing building board etc. products are served by the company. Garden dcor is also provided by the company namely plants, landscaping, hand and power tools for garden etc. are provided by the company (Bebbington, Unerman, and O'Dwyer 2014). In the category of outdoor fancy living products like barbeque, outdoor play equipment, swimming pool, shade and spas etc. are provided by the company. Kitchen, bathroom, decorating, storage, lighting etc. products are provided by the company. Many varieties are also provided under the above mentioned list. Services are also provided by the company like, kitchen designs, hire shops, special orders and customer bench tops. Customers can customize the type of furniture they require for their place (Bunnings 2018). Role of corporate sustainability reporting in Bunnings warehouse Sustainability has now days grown as an accepted obligation more than responsibilities of companies. Sustainability reporting helps an organization to recognize and implement the long term goals of the company. Further sustainability reporting helps an organization to analyze the obligations of the company related to the environment and act accordingly. In the organization Bunnings it is very important for the company to hold up to their sustainable reporting so as to help company to achieve success in all segments of the environment (Ioannou, and Serafeim 2017). Sustainability accounting focuses more on managerial accounting than financial accounting as it is used by companies to implement the internal decisions in the company and creation of new policies. Further this aspect reflects the growth of the company in the external environment at three level namely, people, planet and profit. Considering the need of sustainability reporting in the company Bunnings Warehouse, it shall be noted that the company being working on large scale crucially understands the need and importance of sustainability activities in the management (Ball, Grubnic, and Birchall 2014). Further the following activities shows the need of sustainability reporting in the company Bunnings: Competitive Advantage: The major benefit of maintaining the books for sustainability reporting is that it helps the company to focus on specific issue and work on them so as to improve them. These activities help the company to gain recognition in the market. The company reduces their cost of absorbed by unsustainable activities due to which they get reserves to spend on increasing the sustainable activities of the company. Thus, in order to gain competitive advantage in the target market, Bunnings initiates the sustainable reporting their business process (Khan, Serafeim, and Yoon 2016). Enhancement of companys image and customer loyalty: further this activity is the need of the business it helps them to create loyalty i the eyes of the customers. With the initiation of sustainability activities, the company gains recognition in the market due to which an identified image created in the market. Further it does not mean that recognition will create trust but activities of the company implemented in the target market do. Therefore, the sustainable practices are implemented in such a way that the customer gains a sense of satisfaction which subsequently increases their level of trust as well. Risk Management: Corporate social responsibility reporting allows the stakeholders of the company to make more informed decision based on the future risks that the company might take. Thus, type of reporting helps the company to create a relation with the environmental, social, economic etc. factors present in the society and minimize the risks as well. Bunnings Sustainability As discussed above is considered as an important aspect in the furnishing business as the resources used by the company are natural resources only. Thus the organization needs to initiate sustainable practices and inculcate it in the behavior of employees as well. This practice of the company will initiate sustainable practices in the environment. Further sustainability of a company refers to the practices of implementing activities in the management which helps the company to grow in log run. Sustainable practices can only be implied in an organization if the employees and concerned enough for the development of the external environment along with internal environment of the organization (Cheng, et al., 2014). So, in response to that the Bunning will attain growth in long run by implementing activities which supports the nature and do not harm the interest of the stakeholders as well. Sustainable furnishing activities shall be implemented in the organization which do not waste the natural resources and produce products which provide long term benefits to the customers of the company. Lastly, in this way Bunnings will create sustainability in the environment. contribution of company in market As the company has a history of taking real life action into implementation, the company has implemented below mentioned strategies to contribute their part in the society: Report Cards: accounting of sustainable activities is important the organization it helps them to focus on crucial areas. The 2017 community report tells about the ongoing sustainable commitments of the company. The report underlines the areas where the company is currently focusing and the community involvement activities of the company. Less consumption of energy: Climate change is widely recognized as one of the most pressuring challenge for the company to cope up with. So, the company aims to use less or minimal energy to produce the resources concerning the available of energy in the environment. Initiatives like energy efficient lighting system are led by the company which reduces the use of energy in production process (Peters, and Romi 2014). Less water and waste: The goal of the company is to responsibly produce less waste in the environment through their business activities. Recycling activities are implemented and with eco-friendly packaging activities as well; Due to which the spare products of the company are used and less pollutants are delivered in the environment. Responsible sourcing: The Company responsibly holds up to the products and services which they supply in the environment. As the activities of the company are sourced worldwide, so Bunnings they initiate sustainable operations in their process with good working conditions and fair treatment with all stakeholders as well. Environmental effect Although the company is present in an industry which adversely hampers the growth of the environment but the organization manages to survive through sustainable accounting practices. The basic product for the company is wood and other natural resources which are getting depleted. And careless activities of companies are increasing the stress of many communities as well. So, the Bunnings aims to reduce the negative impact on environment through their business activities. By contributing their share in the society ad upholding the sustainable laws maintained in the environment; the company creates a positive impact on the society. Existing market The company exists in parts of Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and United Kingdom. The Company operates in hardware markets of these countries. Bunnings is involved in varied sectors of furnishing business like garden equipment, kitchen dcor etc. (Schaltegger, and Wagner 2017). Recommendation It shall be recommended to the company that shall responsibly save the information about the sustainability report of the company. Also this report shall be circulated to the people worldwide who are stakeholders of the company so as to understand the activities initiated by them. Further in order to start the sustainability accounting activities in the whole industry, the company shall involve in public events are spread news about such activities as well. Conclusion Thus, in the limelight of above mentioned events the fact that shall be noted is that sustainability is a responsibility of every organization and person prevailing in the environment. Sustainability helps the industry on a whole to work in long run and improve the productivity as well. Further the above mentioned task tells about the sustainable activities of the company Bunnings which is present in the furnishing industry. The company adequately fulfills their sustainable reporting activities in the management system so as to contribute their share in the environment. Lastly, the state of the environment is getting depleted day by day so it is important for the governments to regulate guidelines to maintain the sustainable reporting in the environment. References Ball, A., Grubnic, S. and Birchall, J., 2014. 11 Sustainability accounting and accountability in the public sector.Sustainability accounting and accountability, p.176. Ball, A., Grubnic, S. and Birchall, J., 2014. 11 Sustainability accounting and accountability in the public sector.Sustainability accounting and accountability, p.176. Bebbington, J., Unerman, J. and O'Dwyer, B. eds., 2014.Sustainability accounting and accountability. Routledge. Bunnings., 2018. Bunnings and sustainability. Viewed on January 19, 2018 from https://www.bunnings.com.au/about-us/our-actions Bunnings., 2018. In Our Community. Viewed on January 19, 2018 from https://www.bunnings.com.au/about-us/in-our-community Cheng, M., Green, W., Conradie, P., Konishi, N. and Romi, A., 2014. The international integrated reporting framework: key issues and future research opportunities.Journal of International Financial Management Accounting,25(1), pp.90-119. Ioannou, I. and Serafeim, G., 2017. The consequences of mandatory corporate sustainability reporting. Khan, M., Serafeim, G. and Yoon, A., 2016. Corporate sustainability: First evidence on materiality.The accounting review,91(6), pp.1697-1724. Maas, K., Schaltegger, S. and Crutzen, N., 2016. Integrating corporate sustainability assessment, management accounting, control, and reporting.Journal of Cleaner Production,136, pp.237-248. Martnez?Ferrero, J., Garcia?Sanchez, I.M. and Cuadrado?Ballesteros, B., 2015. Effect of financial reporting quality on sustainability information disclosure.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,22(1), pp.45-64. Peters, G.F. and Romi, A.M., 2014. The association between sustainability governance characteristics and the assurance of corporate sustainability reports.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,34(1), pp.163-198. Schaltegger, S. and Wagner, M. eds., 2017.Managing the business case for sustainability: The integration of social, environmental and economic performance. Routledge. Thomson, I., 2015. But does sustainability need capitalism or an integrated reporta commentary on The International Integrated Reporting Council: A story of failureby Flower, J.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,27, pp.18-22.